A Sacred Spring with a Tradition Dating Back to the Nara Period
The story of Tengawa Water is said to date back to the Tenpyo era of the Nara period, more than 1,200 years ago. According to tradition, the Buddhist monk Gyoki visited the area while traveling through the Oki Islands.
Surrounded by dense forest, he discovered clear water flowing from a cave and is said to have sensed a mysterious spiritual presence there. He named the spring Tengawa, a name interpreted as referring to water bestowed by heaven.
Gyoki is also said to have established a Buddhist temple at the site and founded Shimizudera Temple, enshrining the Buddhist deity Shokanzeon Bosatsu. From that time onward, the spring came to be regarded as much more than a natural water source. It became part of the area’s religious traditions and was carefully protected by generations of local people.
For centuries, springs and wells in this part of the Oki Islands have traditionally been called “kawa,” meaning “river” or “stream.” This distinctive expression reflects the deep respect that island communities have traditionally held for naturally flowing water.
A Remarkably Abundant and Reliable Water Source
Tengawa Water produces approximately 400 tons of water per day. Remarkably, according to records and local tradition, the spring has never run dry, maintaining a remarkably stable flow over the centuries.
The water is exceptionally clear and has traditionally been valued for its purity. Its quality once made it suitable as a source for a local water supply system, helping support everyday life on the island.
Today, the water is used primarily for agriculture, while its high quality has also made it useful for local sake brewing. In this way, the spring continues to play a practical role in the culture and daily life of Ama Town.
Water Born from Oki’s Volcanic Landscape
The extraordinary abundance of Tengawa Water is closely connected with the unique geology of the Oki Islands. The Dozen Islands were formed through volcanic activity approximately 6.3 to 5.3 million years ago, creating the distinctive caldera landscape seen today.
Mt. Yakibiyama stands at the center of this volcanic landscape. The volcanic tuff and other volcanic rocks formed through ancient eruptions allow water to penetrate deep underground. Groundwater accumulated beneath the surface eventually emerges naturally at suitable locations, creating springs such as Tengawa Water.
The complete mechanism behind the spring’s remarkably stable flow has not been fully explained, but its existence is a striking example of the natural processes that have shaped the Oki Islands over millions of years.
A Quiet and Atmospheric Waterscape
Tengawa Water flows into a pond within the grounds of Shimizudera Temple. Trees surround the spring and pond, allowing sunlight to filter softly through the leaves and creating a tranquil, almost mystical atmosphere.
The surface of the pond is exceptionally clear, and in the quiet surroundings, the gentle sound of flowing water becomes part of the experience. Rather than a busy sightseeing attraction, this is a place where visitors can slow down and appreciate the peaceful character of the island.
Outside the temple grounds, peaceful rice fields spread across the surrounding landscape. The combination of woodland, clear water, farmland, and traditional settlement creates a beautiful scene in which nature and everyday island life exist side by side.
Where Water and Faith Remain Closely Connected
Because Tengawa Water is located within the sacred grounds of Shimizudera Temple, it continues to be treated with respect by the local community. Efforts are made to preserve the quality and environment of the spring, and visitors are encouraged to appreciate its importance as a cultural and natural heritage site.
Stone Buddhist statues can be found around the pond, adding to the atmosphere of a place where water, nature, and religious belief have been closely connected for centuries.
The traditional practice of calling springs and wells “kawa” is another reminder of the special relationship between island communities and their water sources. For people living on an island, dependable fresh water has always been essential, and Tengawa Water embodies both this practical importance and a sense of spiritual gratitude.
Visiting Tengawa Water
Tengawa Water is approximately a 15-minute drive from Hishiura Port, the main gateway to Ama Town. The journey takes you through the peaceful scenery of Nakanoshima, offering opportunities to enjoy the island’s forests, farmland, and coastal landscapes along the way.
A visit to Tengawa Water is particularly rewarding when combined with a stop at Shimizudera Temple. Exploring the temple grounds, spring, pond, and surrounding countryside allows visitors to experience the connection between Oki’s natural environment and its long religious history.
A Remarkable Spring Where Nature, History, and Faith Meet
Tengawa Water is a remarkable destination where the natural history of the Oki Islands meets more than a thousand years of tradition and faith. Its abundant, crystal-clear water, volcanic origins, connection with Gyoki and Shimizudera Temple, and recognition as one of Japan’s 100 Remarkable Waters make it a fascinating place to visit.
For travelers seeking a quieter side of Japan, the spring offers an opportunity to step away from crowded tourist destinations and experience the peaceful rhythm of an island community. Listen to the sound of the water, explore the temple grounds, and take in the surrounding countryside to appreciate the timeless character of Nakanoshima.